The five tastes that can be detected with your tongue

 

Taste	Chemical components	Products in which they can be found
Sweet	Glucose, fructose, aspartame	Sugar, soft drinks, icing
Sour	Lactic acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid	Lemon, yoghurt, sauerkraut
Salty	Sodium chloride (NaCl), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)	Cooking salt, pickled meat, salty liquorice
Bitter	Quinine, caffeine and phenols	Coffee, wine, beer
Umami (Ve-tsin)	Monosodium glutamate, which is an amino acid (part of a protein)	Old cheese, Chinese food and snacks, e.g. crisps.

The tongue is covered in taste papillae

The taste papillae are folds on your tongue. They are necessary for increasing the surface area of your tongue. There are three types of taste papillae on your tongue:

1.    Mushroom-shaped papillae (Fungiform papillae)

These are located on the front two thirds of the tongue; they are embedded with an average of four taste buds.

2.    Circumvallate papillae (Vallate papillae)

These are large dome-shaped papillae which lie in a V-shape on the rear part of the tongue. They are embedded with an average of 250 taste buds.

3.    Leaf-shaped papillae (Foliate papillae)

These papillae lie along the length of the tongue and are embedded with about 1300 taste buds.

 

Taste buds are therefore found on the taste papillae. In Figures you can see a microscopic image of a taste bud. Taste cells are located in the taste bud.

Molecular Gastronomy, June 2010.

List of mangoes from India

 

Name of Mango	Origin	Specification
Kesar	Gujarat	Dull yellow with green tinge
Payri	Maharashtra, Kerala	Yellow with reddish tinge
Hapus	Maharashtra	Bright golden yellow
Dasheri	Uttar Pradesh	Yellow-green
Totapuri	Telangana and Andhra Pradesh	Golden Yellow
Chausa	Bihar	Bright Yellow
Himsagar	West Bengal	Green skin
Langra	Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal	Green
Badami	Karnataka	Pale yellow
Safeda	Andhra Pradesh	Pale yellow colour with more fiber
Langda	Uttar Pradesh	Lemon yellow skin
Raspuri	Karnataka	Oval shape with reddish yellow colour skin
Malgoba	Salem ,Tamil Nadu	Round shape with green colour with hints of red skin
Lakshmanbhog	West Bengal	Golden reddish skin
Imam pasand mango	Telangana,Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu	Yellow green colour skin
Rumani	Tamil nadu	Greenish yellow skin
Vanraj	Gujarat	Oval shape and reddish-tint on the upper side,
Gulab khaas	West bengal, Bihar and Jharkhand	blushing pink or red skin
Mallika	Almost all states	Orange colour pulp
Paheri	Gujarat	Sweet and sour in taste